THE CONCEPT OF «CIVIL IDENTITY» IN THE SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE
Abstract
The article focuses the peculiarities of the formation of the phenomenon of civic identity. It is noted that the development of various aspects of the personal identity dates back to the middle of the twentieth century in psychological science, in particular in its psychoanalytic branch. The theory of identification, the first basis in the analyzed sphere, according to which scientists built the scheme of mental reality of the person on the basis of opposition of biological and sociocultural aspects in a human life, is considered.
The phenomenon of identity in the works of foreign researchers (philosophers, psychologists, sociologists) is highlighted. It is emphasized that identity is becoming an increasingly important category in scientific discourse, denoting key positions in human self-determination and determining their ability to survive and maintain their own identity and integrity, especially in the context of globalization and rapid socio-cultural changes. It is noted that the basis of civic identity is identification with the society and the state. In general, identity cannot be formed without interaction with the society. Socio-psychological direction in the study of identity considers the formation of identity by understanding the belonging of an individual to a particular social group, which has emotional significance for the individual and gives them the opportunity to experience their uniqueness and authenticity.
It is outlined that the concept of «civic identity» is synonymous with the concept of «national identity» in cases where the latter is considered within the approach to the nation as citizenship. In the case of the approach to the nation as a certain stage in the development of ethnic community, the concepts of «civic identity» and «national identity» are not identical. Civic identity of an individual is defined as the awareness of belonging to the community of citizens of a state, fixing the unity of interests of the individual with civil society, as well as allowing influencing the development of civil society.
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