ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN INFORMAL EDUCATION OF THE SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRIES
Abstract
The article is devoted to the problem of environmental education in non-formal education in the Scandinavian countries.
The main purpose of the article is to analyze the organizational and methodological features of environmental education in non-formal education in the Scandinavian countries and, based on a comparative analysis, to develop recommendations regarding the possibility of introducing certain progressive elements of foreign experience into extra-curricular education in Ukraine.
It was found that the Scandinavian countries have gained significant experience in the field of education over the years of their development. Today, they have one of the most advanced education systems in the world, particularly in the field of non-formal environmental education. This fact is evidenced by regulatory and legal documents on environmental education.
The experience of the Scandinavian countries proves that these countries have many common and distinctive points in the environmental education of students. It was found that the Scandinavian countries have gained significant experience in the field of education over the years of their development. Nowadays, they have one of the most advanced education systems in the world, particularly in the field of non-formal environmental education. This fact is evidenced by regulatory and legal documents on environmental education.
The experience of the Scandinavian countries proves that these countries have many common and distinctive points in the environmental education of students.
Based on the theoretical analysis of foreign sources, the meaning of the concept of “informal education” is determined, which is defined as any organized systematic educational activity conducted outside the formal system to provide certain subgroups of the population with selected types of education. Non-formal education programs may vary in length and may or may not award a certificate upon completion.
It has been found that non-formal education in the Scandinavian countries is aimed at raising an ecologically conscious citizen who is well aware of environmental problems and is ready to take an active part in solving them.
The article examines the forms and methods of environmental education and education of students, it is concluded that mainly group forms of education and education are used in non-formal education in the Scandinavian countries. The task of informal environmental education is to bring to the consciousness of every student the need for sustainable development, the solution of ecological problems of the environment with the help of methods of forming social consciousness and methods of stimulating morally appropriate and socially significant behavior and activities.
The recommendations have been developed regarding the possibility of using the experience of Scandinavian countries in the educational process of extracurricular educational institutions of Ukraine.
References
Verbytskyi, V. V. (2008). Pozashkilna osvita u vymiri XXI stolittia [Out-of-school education in the dimension of the XXI century]. Pozashkilna osvita: istorychni postupy ta zdobutky: Conference Proceedings (Kyiv, December 2-3, 2008). Kyiv: AVERS,– 308 s.
Kolodko, I. M. (2019). Formy i metody ekolohichnoho vykhovannya uchniv serednoho stupenya navchannya u neformalniy osviti Korolivstva Shvetsiyi [Forms and methods of ecological education of middle school students in non-formal education of the Kingdom of Sweden]. Rozvytok lyudyny v informatsiynomu suspilstvi ta u suspilstvi znan: Conference Proceedings (pp. 92-101).
Kolodko, I. M. (2014). Formuvannia u pidlitkiv hotovnosti do ekolohichnoi diyalnosti v neformalnii osviti yevropeiskykh krain [Formation of adolescents' readiness for environmental activities in non-formal education of European countries]. Teoretyko-metodychni problemy vykhovannya ditey ta uchnivskoyi molodi: Conference Proceedings (Kyiv, October 15, 2014) (pp. 333-341). Kirovohrad.
Machuskyi, V. V. (Ed.). (2020). Modernizatsiia orhanizatsii osvitnoho protsesu v zakladakh pozashkilnoi osvity [Modernization of the organization of the educational process in institutions of out-of-school education]. Kyiv.
Ohiienko, O. I. (2007). Navchalnyi hurtok yak forma neformalnoi osvity doroslykh u Shvetsii [Educational club as a form of non-formal adult education in Sweden]. Alternatyvni modeli rozvytku suspilstva. Tretia svitova teoriia XXI stolittia: Conference Proccedings: Vol. 2 (pp. 377–381). (Kyiv, June 8-9, 2007). Kyiv.
Pustovit, H. P. (2004). Teoretyko-metodychni osnovy ekolohichnoi osvity i vykhovannia uchniv 1–9 klasiv u pozashkilnykh navchalnykh zakladakh [Theoretical and methodological foundations of environmental education and education of students of 1–9 grades in institutions of out-of-school education]. Kyiv-Luhansk: Alma-mater.
Pustovit, N. A. (2001). Osobystisno oriyentovani tekhnolohiyi ekolohichnoho vykhovannya pidlitkiv [Person-oriented technologies of environmental education of teenagers]. Naukovi zapysky. Seriia: pedahohika i psykholohiia, 5, 59-62.
Shved, M. (2003). Tendentsii rozvytku zarubizhnoi ekolohichnoi osvity [Trends in the development of foreign environmental education]. Visnyk Lvivskoho universytetu: seriya pedahohichna, 17, 167-174.
Colley, H., Hodkins, P., & Malcom, J. Informality and formality in learning. Lifelong Learning Institute University of Leeds (рp. 15–23).
Jeronen, E., Jeronen, J., & Raustia (2009). Environmental Education in Finland – A Case Study of Environmental Education in Nature Schools. International Journal of Environmental & Science Education, 4(1), 1–23 (p. 4)
Informal country report. Czech Republic. Retrieved from https://unece.org/
International standard classification of education, ISCED. (1997). Retrieved from: http://www.unesco.org/education/information/nfsunesco/doc/isced_1997.htm
Directorate of Youth &Sport (2003, March). Manuela du Bois-Reymond Study on the links between formal and non-formal education. Strasburg.
Popular Education (Folkbildning) from an International Perspective. Retrieved from: http://www.populareducation.co.za
ISSN 
ISSN 
